The Evolution of Democracy in Ukraine since the End of the Cold War, and the Influence of its International Relations
Authorship
J.C.D.P.
Master in International Studies
J.C.D.P.
Master in International Studies
Defense date
07.15.2025 17:00
07.15.2025 17:00
Summary
This paper deals with Ukraine's internal and external dynamics in relation to its evolution as a state. Starting from the germ of its ethnic identity in the Kievan Rus, but devoting more attention to the period since its independence in the early 1990s. It attempts to analyse its internal political evolution, and how its relationship with other states on its periphery has influenced it. Emphasising its relationship with Russia, given Ukraine's long history as part of its territory. As well as the European Union, due to Ukraine's increased rapprochement with this international entity in recent years. And how these international dynamics have affected Ukraine's own identity map. With a population in Western Ukraine more sympathetic to a rapprochement with Europe, and to liberal and democratic ideas, and an Eastern Ukraine closer to traditional Russia. Feeling more identified with this state as ethnic neighbours, and a nation of great strength to rely on.
This paper deals with Ukraine's internal and external dynamics in relation to its evolution as a state. Starting from the germ of its ethnic identity in the Kievan Rus, but devoting more attention to the period since its independence in the early 1990s. It attempts to analyse its internal political evolution, and how its relationship with other states on its periphery has influenced it. Emphasising its relationship with Russia, given Ukraine's long history as part of its territory. As well as the European Union, due to Ukraine's increased rapprochement with this international entity in recent years. And how these international dynamics have affected Ukraine's own identity map. With a population in Western Ukraine more sympathetic to a rapprochement with Europe, and to liberal and democratic ideas, and an Eastern Ukraine closer to traditional Russia. Feeling more identified with this state as ethnic neighbours, and a nation of great strength to rely on.
Direction
BALBOA LOPEZ, JESUS LEOPOLDO (Tutorships)
BALBOA LOPEZ, JESUS LEOPOLDO (Tutorships)
Court
BALBOA LOPEZ, JESUS LEOPOLDO (Student’s tutor)
BALBOA LOPEZ, JESUS LEOPOLDO (Student’s tutor)
Freedom of Establishment and Corporate Challenges Post-Brexit
Authorship
A.L.P.
Master in Transnational Law of Business and Technology Dixit
A.L.P.
Master in Transnational Law of Business and Technology Dixit
Defense date
07.18.2025 11:00
07.18.2025 11:00
Summary
This paper aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the freedom of establishment as a fundamental principle of the European Union's legal framework, with a specific focus on its application in company law and the challenges that have arisen in this regard following the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the Union, known as Brexit. Our analysis is structured into five sections, each addressing both the theoretical and legal foundations of the concept, as well as the challenges and solutions emerging in this new context. We begin by examining the freedom of establishment as a central pillar of our study and of the Single Market, along with its codification within the EU legal system. We will focus on the meaning and practical implications of this concept, and how the Court of Justice of the European Union has played a key role in shaping its definition. Furthermore, we will explore the practical scope of this right through various cases brought before the Court, what its exercise entails, and how efforts have been made to codify it at the continental level. Next, we will delve into the historical background of the Single Market, which is essential for understanding the four freedoms, focusing on its basic functioning and the foundational principles that enable it. We will then analyze the historical and legal relationship between the UK and the EU, and how it has shaped the current legal realities of both sides. Particular emphasis will be placed on the UK's role in European legal development and how its distinct, more flexible legal system has positioned it advantageously in terms of legal innovation, investment attraction, and company formation. We will then discuss the emergence of the Brexit movement, its initial goals, and the eventual consequences for the Single Market, as well as the Trade and Cooperation Agreement that was ultimately reached. Afterward, we will address the issues arising from this situation, examining its impact on both companies and Member States, and reviewing the solutions that have been implemented. Finally, we will consider the future of the relationship between both parties and explore possible avenues for resolving the challenges related to the exercise of the freedom of establishment in the post-Brexit landscape.
This paper aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the freedom of establishment as a fundamental principle of the European Union's legal framework, with a specific focus on its application in company law and the challenges that have arisen in this regard following the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the Union, known as Brexit. Our analysis is structured into five sections, each addressing both the theoretical and legal foundations of the concept, as well as the challenges and solutions emerging in this new context. We begin by examining the freedom of establishment as a central pillar of our study and of the Single Market, along with its codification within the EU legal system. We will focus on the meaning and practical implications of this concept, and how the Court of Justice of the European Union has played a key role in shaping its definition. Furthermore, we will explore the practical scope of this right through various cases brought before the Court, what its exercise entails, and how efforts have been made to codify it at the continental level. Next, we will delve into the historical background of the Single Market, which is essential for understanding the four freedoms, focusing on its basic functioning and the foundational principles that enable it. We will then analyze the historical and legal relationship between the UK and the EU, and how it has shaped the current legal realities of both sides. Particular emphasis will be placed on the UK's role in European legal development and how its distinct, more flexible legal system has positioned it advantageously in terms of legal innovation, investment attraction, and company formation. We will then discuss the emergence of the Brexit movement, its initial goals, and the eventual consequences for the Single Market, as well as the Trade and Cooperation Agreement that was ultimately reached. Afterward, we will address the issues arising from this situation, examining its impact on both companies and Member States, and reviewing the solutions that have been implemented. Finally, we will consider the future of the relationship between both parties and explore possible avenues for resolving the challenges related to the exercise of the freedom of establishment in the post-Brexit landscape.
Direction
HERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, FRANCISCO (Tutorships)
HERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, FRANCISCO (Tutorships)
Court
Miguez Macho, Luis (Chairman)
Garrido Juncal, Andrea (Secretary)
Dias Meireles, Ana Isa (Member)
Miguez Macho, Luis (Chairman)
Garrido Juncal, Andrea (Secretary)
Dias Meireles, Ana Isa (Member)
India in the 21st Century: Regional Power or Emerging Global Superpower?
Authorship
M.N.V.
Master in International Studies
M.N.V.
Master in International Studies
Defense date
07.14.2025 12:30
07.14.2025 12:30
Summary
Throughout this analysis, the rise of India as a current emerging power will be examined. A qualitative methodology will be used, primarily based on a bibliographic review of academic literature and the analysis of data from official sources. he study will explore the multitude of factors that currently shape India’s position in the international system. The research is based on the hypothesis that India will, within a relatively short period, cease to be considered a regional power and instead become a great power, that is, a state that holds a prominent place in the international order with significantly greater economic, military, and diplomatic weight than most other countries. To reach a conclusion on this matter, a wide range of dimensions will be analyzed. Some will be studied from a domestic perspective, including military, economic, and social aspects, while others will focus on the external sphere to assess India’s current standing in the international order, its influence, and its alliances. The objective, therefore, is to arrive at a deeper understanding of India’s present reality through the formulation of various research questions and hypotheses, thus enabling a grounded assessment of its potential future projection
Throughout this analysis, the rise of India as a current emerging power will be examined. A qualitative methodology will be used, primarily based on a bibliographic review of academic literature and the analysis of data from official sources. he study will explore the multitude of factors that currently shape India’s position in the international system. The research is based on the hypothesis that India will, within a relatively short period, cease to be considered a regional power and instead become a great power, that is, a state that holds a prominent place in the international order with significantly greater economic, military, and diplomatic weight than most other countries. To reach a conclusion on this matter, a wide range of dimensions will be analyzed. Some will be studied from a domestic perspective, including military, economic, and social aspects, while others will focus on the external sphere to assess India’s current standing in the international order, its influence, and its alliances. The objective, therefore, is to arrive at a deeper understanding of India’s present reality through the formulation of various research questions and hypotheses, thus enabling a grounded assessment of its potential future projection
Direction
PINTADO LOBATO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
PINTADO LOBATO, MONTSERRAT (Tutorships)
Court
PINTADO LOBATO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
PINTADO LOBATO, MONTSERRAT (Student’s tutor)
AI and the digital transformation of the Fundamental Rights of Persons Elderly
Authorship
J.I.S.D.S.
Master in Transnational Law of Business and Technology Dixit
J.I.S.D.S.
Master in Transnational Law of Business and Technology Dixit
Defense date
07.18.2025 12:30
07.18.2025 12:30
Summary
This work will analyse AI and the digital transformation of the fundamental rights of older people in a context marked by demographic ageing. It will study the legal responsibility arising from the use of AI in geriatric settings, highlighting gaps in legislation regarding the damage caused by automated systems, emphasising the risks of algorithmic exclusion and the need to adapt current legislation. Similarly, the principle of non-discrimination on the basis of age will be examined, proposing ethical and inclusive governance that incorporates citizen participation to ensure transparency, equity and accountability. The digital transformation and its relationship with fundamental rights will also be explored, identifying opportunities and challenges in areas such as privacy, access to services and equality in technology. Finally, the legal characteristics of older people are addressed, emphasising the need for a specific legal approach to guarantee the rights of this vulnerable group. The study concludes that the proposed objectives have been achieved, providing a framework for reflection and concrete proposals for digitalisation that respects human dignity and social justice.
This work will analyse AI and the digital transformation of the fundamental rights of older people in a context marked by demographic ageing. It will study the legal responsibility arising from the use of AI in geriatric settings, highlighting gaps in legislation regarding the damage caused by automated systems, emphasising the risks of algorithmic exclusion and the need to adapt current legislation. Similarly, the principle of non-discrimination on the basis of age will be examined, proposing ethical and inclusive governance that incorporates citizen participation to ensure transparency, equity and accountability. The digital transformation and its relationship with fundamental rights will also be explored, identifying opportunities and challenges in areas such as privacy, access to services and equality in technology. Finally, the legal characteristics of older people are addressed, emphasising the need for a specific legal approach to guarantee the rights of this vulnerable group. The study concludes that the proposed objectives have been achieved, providing a framework for reflection and concrete proposals for digitalisation that respects human dignity and social justice.
Direction
FERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, JOSE JULIO (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, JOSE JULIO (Tutorships)
Court
Miguez Macho, Luis (Chairman)
Garrido Juncal, Andrea (Secretary)
Dias Meireles, Ana Isa (Member)
Miguez Macho, Luis (Chairman)
Garrido Juncal, Andrea (Secretary)
Dias Meireles, Ana Isa (Member)
The Early Transposition of Directive (EU) 2024/1385 as a Pathway to Comprehensive Protection Against Gender-Based Violence in Spain
Authorship
A.T.P.
Master in International Studies
A.T.P.
Master in International Studies
Defense date
07.15.2025 12:30
07.15.2025 12:30
Summary
This thesis analyzes the structural deficiencies of the Spanish legal framework on gender-based violence, particularly its limitation to violence within intimate partner relationships as defined by Organic Law 1/2004. Based on this diagnosis, it advocates for the urgent early transposition of Directive (EU) 2024/1385, which introduces a broad and structural definition of violence against women, aligned with international standards and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The study combines legal, doctrinal, and empirical analysis, and presents an innovative doctrinal contribution: the possibility of recognizing an early direct effect of those provisions of the Directive that meet the criteria of clarity, precision, and unconditionality. This would allow for the immediate extension of comprehensive protection to all women victims of gender-based violence, regardless of their relationship with the perpetrator, thereby avoiding the exclusionary and discriminatory effects of the current legal framework. Ultimately, the thesis advocates for an ambitious, structural, and coordinated reform of the Spanish system for the protection against gender-based violence, using the European Directive not merely as a formal requirement but as a real opportunity to guarantee equal and effective protection of fundamental rights.
This thesis analyzes the structural deficiencies of the Spanish legal framework on gender-based violence, particularly its limitation to violence within intimate partner relationships as defined by Organic Law 1/2004. Based on this diagnosis, it advocates for the urgent early transposition of Directive (EU) 2024/1385, which introduces a broad and structural definition of violence against women, aligned with international standards and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The study combines legal, doctrinal, and empirical analysis, and presents an innovative doctrinal contribution: the possibility of recognizing an early direct effect of those provisions of the Directive that meet the criteria of clarity, precision, and unconditionality. This would allow for the immediate extension of comprehensive protection to all women victims of gender-based violence, regardless of their relationship with the perpetrator, thereby avoiding the exclusionary and discriminatory effects of the current legal framework. Ultimately, the thesis advocates for an ambitious, structural, and coordinated reform of the Spanish system for the protection against gender-based violence, using the European Directive not merely as a formal requirement but as a real opportunity to guarantee equal and effective protection of fundamental rights.
Direction
TEIJO GARCIA, CARLOS (Tutorships)
TEIJO GARCIA, CARLOS (Tutorships)
Court
LIROLA DELGADO, MARIA ISABEL (Chairman)
MONTERO FERRER, CARMEN (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ MANZANO, MARIA IRENE (Member)
LIROLA DELGADO, MARIA ISABEL (Chairman)
MONTERO FERRER, CARMEN (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ MANZANO, MARIA IRENE (Member)