Works presented

Summary
In the current context of climate change, planning and characterizing water resources has become of relevant importance in water management. For planning purposes, we have tools such as the SIMPA model, which is capable of simulating different hydrological processes. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate, for the territory of Galicia, the fit between observed inflows at gauging stations and the inflows simulated by SIMPA, in order to manually calibrate those stations that show the poorest fit. Water is a sensitive resource within a climate change scenario. Therefore, through climate models capable of simulating future hydrological variables, the aim is to qualify the water resources in the Miño River as it passes through Lugo, within the period between 2070 and 2100. The results of this study will help assess the reliability of the SIMPA model for predicting monthly flows in Galicia and generate valuable information for decision-making in water management contributing to ensuring water security in a context of climate uncertainty.

Direction
DAFONTE DAFONTE, JORGE (Tutorships)
CUESTA GARCIA, TOMAS SERAFIN (Co-tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ MOREIRA, IVAN (Coordinator)
LOPEZ MOREIRA, IVAN (Chairman)
CARBALLO SANCHEZ, RODRIGO (Secretary)
TEIJEIRO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA TERESA (Member)

Summary
The objective of this project is the construction of a warehouse for the storage of agricultural machinery. It will include a parking area for implements, a restroom, an office, a machinery repair area, and a machinery washing area, as well as a fuel tank. The project promoter owns a property where the warehouse will be located. The building will be a 36 m x 12 m metal structure without interior pillars. This design is proposed because pillars in the middle of the warehouse would obstruct the parking of machinery.

Direction
Torres Labandeira, Manuel Luis (Tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
BARRASA RIOJA, MARTIN (Secretary)
CARNERO LOPEZ, MATIAS (Member)

Summary
This project is based on the construction of a 1000 m2 warehouse that allows the developer to store the forage used in the dairy farm he owns (120 animals in production and 100 hectares of agricultural area). This warehouse is projected on a 2.6 hectare property owned by the developer located in the parish of San Salvador (Rodeiro), in the province of Pontevedra. This plot has road access and electricity supply. The dimensions of the warehouse are 40x25 m and it is a gable structure with prefabricated concrete purlins, beams and pillars. The warehouse is completely open on one of the 40-meter sides and closed with precast concrete panels on the remaining three. The foundation is composed of footings and tie beams made in situ. A sandwich panel is placed on the roof. Sanitation, fire protection and electricity installations are carried out, the details and dimensions of which are described in the corresponding annexes. The contractual execution budget for this project amounts to €341,060.90 and it is estimated that the works will last a total of 31 days. The project includes a Basic Health and Safety Study and also a Waste Management Study.

Direction
Torres Labandeira, Manuel Luis (Tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
BARRASA RIOJA, MARTIN (Secretary)
CARNERO LOPEZ, MATIAS (Member)

Summary
This project,; Winery of 120,000l/year of Albariño with DO Rías Báixas located in Ribadumia(Pontevedra), has as its main objective to dimension, design and evaluate, in accordance with all current regulations, the necessary infrastructures to carry out the production and storage of high quality wine, complying with the standards of the Designation of Origin Rías Baixas. The facilities will be located on a plot owned by the developer, destined for agricultural use, and is located in Ribadumia, Pontevedra. The design includes a 40 x 20 m main nave with reinforced concrete structure and covered to two waters, divided into functional areas such as grape reception, fermentation, cover-up, bottling and storage. In addition, it has an office area and an enological laboratory. Auxiliary areas such as dressing rooms and a small shop for visitors are also included. In this project, all constructive, design and dimensioning calculations of sanitation, plumbing and electricity facilities are prepared, as well as bringing together their corresponding health and safety and management studies. The production process is based on an annual production of 120,000 litres of wine, using modern winemaking techniques combined with traditional methods to ensure the highest quality. It includes all stages from the reception of the grape to the bottling and expedition of the wine. The execution budget per contract amounts to €815,174.82, and the work is estimated to last a total of 104 working days. The purpose of the project is to establish a profitable and sustainable winery, which combines technological innovation and tradition, offering high quality products under the Designation of Origin Rías Baixas. In addition, it seeks to promote the economic development of the region and the growth of viticulcure and wine production in As Rías Baixas.

Direction
LAMOSA QUINTEIRO, SANTIAGO (Tutorships)
GOMEZ FERNANDEZ, JULIO (Co-tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
Arbones Maciñeira, Enrique Rafael (Secretary)
RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ, MANUEL RAMIRO (Member)

Summary
The study addresses the improvement of sustainability in a hop plantation (Humulus lupulus L.) of the Nugget variety, located in Abegondo, province of A Coruña (Spain), due to the need for its production for the brewing industry. The study analyzes the interaction between climatic factors, soil characteristics and agricultural management systems, with emphasis on irrigation, fertilization and production quality. It focused on two irrigation lines (sectors 1 and 2), where key parameters such as soil water content, relative water content in leaves (RWC) and chlorophyll index (ICC) were evaluated. Modern technologies such as Teros 10 sensors to measure soil moisture and portable fluorimeters for chlorophyll were used. In addition, a phenological monitoring of the crop was carried out using the BBCH scale, monitoring 6 plants from lines 5 and 10 (sector 1) and lines 20 and 25 (sector 2). The results obtained showed that the drip irrigation system was effective in maintaining soil moisture during the critical months, although inequalities in water distribution were identified. However, the water dose did not significantly influence parameters such as productivity with a MS/PF ratio (0.242) and total fresh weight of floral cones per plant (2,708 kg in sector 1 and 2,494 kg in sector 2.) Despite unfavorable weather conditions in 2023, such as high temperatures and irregular rainfall, the floral cones reached adequate quality, with good levels of alpha-acids and moderate levels of beta-acids. The fertilization analysis concluded that the nitrogen doses applied were lower than those recommended, which could have limited yield at some stages of the crop cycle. This demonstrates the crop's ability to adapt, although the importance of adjusting management strategies to mitigate the effects of water and nutritional stress is underlined.

Direction
CANCELA BARRIO, JAVIER JOSE (Tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
Díaz Hernández, Mª Belén (Secretary)
Neira Seijo, Xan Xosé (Member)

Summary
The present project aims to design and calculate the necessary works and installations for the construction of a warehouse for storing agricultural machinery for the promoters María del Carmen García Gómez and José Antonio Comuñas Digón, who own the company Comuñas y García SL, dedicated to agroforestry services and a small semi-extensive beef cattle farm. The warehouse will have a total area of 1,185.60 m2 and a rectangular floor plan measuring 49.40 mx24 m. It will consist of a primary machinery storage area, divided into an upper and a lower section, separated by a wide corridor; an office; a meeting room; and two locker rooms, one for women and one for men. The warehouse must allow for the storage of the machinery and implements listed by the promoters, and its dimensions have been determined accordingly. The construction will use prefabricated concrete structures: 24 m pre-stressed deep beams in the intermediate frames, 7 m header beams and 10 m haunch beams in the end frames, 0.4 mx0.4 m section columns, DT-45 purlins, and 14 cm thick hollow-core panels. The footings and tie beams will be constructed on-site. The roofing material will be a 50 mm thick sandwich panel, interspersed with translucent polycarbonate panels. The warehouse will include plumbing, electrical, sanitation, fire protection systems, and a diesel storage tank. The contract execution budget (CEB) amounts to €486,744.46. The construction work is expected to last 87 days. The project includes a Health and Safety Study and a Waste Management Study.

Direction
Fernández Rodríguez, María Elena (Tutorships)
Méndez Castro, Miguel (Co-tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
DUGO PATON, MAXIMO ANTONIO (Secretary)
Torres Labandeira, Manuel Luis (Member)

Summary
The aim of this Project is to build a shed with all the necessary facilities to carry out the transition or weaning pase of the piglets. To this end, the necessary Works and facilities will be defined to accomodate 4.600 piglets, making work as easy as posible and guarenteeing animal welfare. In addition, two flexible tanks will be installed next to the shed for the storage of the slurry generated on the farm, thus avoiding accidental spills. The farm will be located in the village of Mariz, in the municipality of Guitiriz, province of Lugo. The plot is owned by the developer and has easy road access, wáter supply and electricity supply. Due to its Good meat aptitude, with a good carcass yield and great fattening of the same, the crossbreed used will be Landrace x Largue White. The piglets transition cycle will last approximately 6 weeks (35 days of transition plus 7 days of sanitary vacuum), with an all in, all out regime. They will arrive at 28 days old and weigh approximately 6 kg, and will leave at 63 days old, weighing approximately 20 kg of live weight. Before the execution of the works, the legal, developer and project conditions will be taken into account. In the project we will focus on the design and constrution calculations of the shed, as well as theinstallations necessary for its operation (electricity, sanitation, plumbing, zootechnics, heating, ventilation and refrigeration). On the economic side, the project includes a detailed estimate of the costs of its execution. These costs of execution by contract after taxes amount to the amount of 1.658.626,13 €. In addition, an economic financial análisis is also included, which concludes de viability of the project and a schedule of the works will be carried out in 100 days. Finally, we will carry out a Health and Safety Study, which explains the basic rules to be followed in carrying out the work to prevent possible accidents.

Direction
RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ, MANUEL RAMIRO (Tutorships)

Court
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Coordinator)
LOPEZ VILLAR, MARIA JOSE (Chairman)
Fernández Rodríguez, María Elena (Secretary)
FERNANDEZ RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DOLORES (Member)

Summary
This simplified management plan of A Granxa forest is a Final Degree Project in Forestry and Environmental Engineering, aimed at addressing the needs of A Granxa property, located in the parish of Cures, within the municipality of Boiro, in the province of A Coruña. The total study area encompasses 12.757 hectares, all within a single plot covered in brush. The objective is to provide the owner with the tools to achieve a better utilization of the recourses of the land. The property is divides into two distinct stands: a dry stand, which will be planted with Pinus pinaster, and a wet stand, that will be planted with Quercus robur. Based on this division, a plantation plans designed according to the silvicultural models assigned to each stand. The final use of these stands will differ: for the dry stand, the goal is to produce high-quality saw wood and wood veneer, while the wet stand is intended to provide self-consumption timber for the owner. This document is aligned with the regulations applicable in the Autonomous Community of Galicia and aims to ensure the sustainable management of recourses, promoting a balance between environmental, economic and social considerations.

Direction
Rojo Alboreca, Alberto (Tutorships)

Court
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Coordinator)
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Chairman)
DIEGUEZ ARANDA, ULISES (Secretary)
RODRÍGUEZ SOALLEIRO, ROQUE (Member)

Summary
The multifunctional use of forests allows for the diversification of their products, with Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFPs) standing out as a sustainable and profitable alternative. Among these, pine resin is gaining increasing relevance due to its industrial demand and its potential as a substitute for petroleum-derived products. In Galicia, where this resource was traditionally not exploited significantly, new initiatives are being developed to boost its extraction and optimize production processes in order to better capitalize on this natural resource. In this context, the present bachelor’s thesis focuses on optimizing resin harvesting in stands of Pinus pinaster Ait., using the mechanized circular tapping method, and evaluating its efficiency under the specific conditions of the Galician territory. This study also addresses both resin production and the labor performance of resin harvesters. The research was conducted in four experimental plots located in Culleredo, Baroña, and Agolada, where different treatments were applied to analyze the influence of factors such as bag type and cutting renewal frequency on resin production. Simultaneously, an analysis was carried out of the evolution of work times among professional and novice resin harvesters throughout the harvesting season, considering tasks such as tree-to-tree movement, trunk drilling, application of stimulating paste, and bag placement. The results demonstrate that the mechanization of the process allows for greater standardization compared to traditional techniques, reducing variability in yields and facilitating the planning of time and costs. The work time analysis shows that while professional harvesters maintained a consistent performance, novices progressively improved their productivity, increasing by 35% and even surpassing the speed of professionals by the end of the campaign. The introduction of new stimulating paste applicators optimized execution times, and the 21-day cutting frequency revealed greater production efficiency. These findings have important implications for the professionalization of the resin sector, providing a solid foundation for its sustainable expansion in Galicia.

Direction
MAREY PEREZ, MANUEL FRANCISCO (Tutorships)
López Álvarez, Oscar (Co-tutorships)

Court
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Coordinator)
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Chairman)
Riesco Muñoz, Guillermo (Secretary)
CONDE FERNANDEZ, ADRIANA (Member)

Summary
Since, in 2008, Ramil Rego et al. (2008) published the Manual of Habitats of Galicia, numerous works related to the forests of Galicia have been published. In particular, this Final Project focuses on the review of the descriptive sheets of the wooded habitats included in Annex I of DC 92/43/EEC, with the aim of contributing to improving evaluation, planning and management work. that are related to these types of habitats of community interest in the Galician territory. The study area of this study focuses on the territory of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, which reaches an area of 29,576.74 km2. Regarding the methodology, many of the publications that have been made in this period have been reviewed and this information has been compiled for each type of forest present in Galicia in the form of cards, attached in Annex I of this work. The updating of the information on the sheets with the information already present in the old version of the Galician Habitats Manual, such as that which has been generated in this period, has made it possible to determine the characteristics of the habitat along with geographical distribution and status. conservation among other aspects.

Direction
RODRIGUEZ GUITIAN, MANUEL ANTONIO (Tutorships)
RAMIL REGO, PABLO (Co-tutorships)

Court
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Coordinator)
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Chairman)
REAL RODRIGUEZ, CARLOS (Secretary)
DIAZ VARELA, RAMON ALBERTO (Member)

Summary
Diospyros kaki Thunb., also called persimmon Japanese lotus or palo-santo, is a species belonging to the family Ebenaceae, whose genus Diospyros is the most important of this family in the relation to its wood. Most of the cultivated varieties of persimmon are used for their fruits. In the treatment for obtaining fruit, a series of waste that can be used for biomass is generated, in addition to the final use of the wood resulting from the cutting of unproductive, dead trees, those that suffer from some type of ailment or that are inappropriate for production of fruit. The wood thus obtained could be assigned a certain destination depending on its properties, which is also a potential carbon sink. Moreover, uses of this wood are documented for the manufacture of furniture, musical instruments, decorative objects, golf sticks and others. There is a great amount of information about persimmons in terms of production fruit. On the other hand, there is searce information about the characteristics of the wood of this species. The objective of this study is to have knowledge about the physical properties of the wood of this species, in order to give other types of uses in addition to those already known. From the results obtained on the sample, in the experimental phase and in the subsequent data processing, it can be stated that it is a wood that is very sensitive to the attack of chromogenic fungi, lighter than other species of the same genus, hard, easily deformable and prone to cracks in the drying processes. It is recommended for its characteristics for one in furniture and interior carpentry.

Direction
Riesco Muñoz, Guillermo (Tutorships)

Court
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Coordinator)
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Chairman)
Vila Lameiro, Pablo (Secretary)
Rojo Alboreca, Alberto (Member)

Summary
This document serves as Final Degree Project for the Forestry Engineering and Natural Environment Degree, with a mention in Forestry Exploitation. It is a forest management plan of “Labradías e pico de Montouto” communal forest (Ribas de Sil, Lugo, Galicia), which covers 121,45 hectares. A legal, administrative and natural description of the forest, defining its orography, climatology, geology, edaphology and biology, is done. It is a forest with a complex configuration of the terrain, characterised by steep slopes. The soils are acidic, dominated by slate and schist. The climate is favourable for forestry, but there are two months of drought in the summer, since the forest is situates in a zone of transition to the mediterranean climate. A stratification of the forest into homogeneous areas based on the dominant species, age and main forest form was done. An inventory of the forest resources in those strata whose main function is the timber production (those populated with Pinus radiata and Castanea sativa) was also done. With the data of the forest inventory, the stock, volume, growth and sampling error were calculated. The forest management option chosen was the so-called “Método de ordenación por rodales”. For them the forest was divided into stands (“rodales”), which will be future management, inventory and cutting units (in the so-called “Plan general”). The actions for the next ten years (“Plan especial”) were planned, highlighting the replacement of the Pinus radiata plantations with other Pinus pinaster plantations. Finally, a financial balance between income and expenses expected for the next ten years was done, resulting in expected benefits of 104.636,10 €.

Direction
Rojo Alboreca, Alberto (Tutorships)

Court
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Coordinator)
RUIZ GONZALEZ, ANA DARIA (Chairman)
Riesco Muñoz, Guillermo (Secretary)
DIEGUEZ ARANDA, ULISES (Member)

Summary
The problem of Multi Agent Path Planning has become highly relevant in the modern world due to the growing need for process automation using fleets of autonomous mobile robots. As a result, both centralized and decentralized solutions to the problem have been developed, with the latter offering a better balance between scalability and result quality. This work implements a decentralised solution in two steps, a planning phase and an execution and conflict resolution phase. Our approach is scalable and robust to changes in the operating environment as well as to mechanical failures in the robots' movement systems.

Direction
RAÑO NOAL, IGNACIO (Tutorships)

Court
COMESAÑA FIGUEROA, ENRIQUE (Coordinator)
COMESAÑA FIGUEROA, ENRIQUE (Chairman)
FERNANDEZ PICHEL, MARCOS (Secretary)
VAZQUEZ ALVAREZ, ALVARO (Member)

Summary
Social loneliness is the feeling generated by isolation or the lack of belonging to a group, which is independent of the number of social interactions a person may have. Research has shown that loneliness follows a U-shaped distribution, with the highest levels occurring during adolescence and after the age of 80. Several studies have revealed that the pandemic has placed the prevalence of loneliness in older adults at 28.6% and social isolation at 31.2%, figures that are at least alarming. One of the reasons for the increase in social loneliness is the lack of mental health services and experienced therapists available today. Furthermore, these treatments can be costly, and geographic restrictions in some isolated areas significantly hinder access to these services. In contrast, the use of artificial intelligence, such as virtual assistants, to study techniques for detecting such cases is on the rise and represents a constantly growing field. This growth employs text, image, or audio processing. The increased use and research of such tools in this sector have been largely driven by the expansion of technology today, facilitating the ability to reach a greater number of potential individuals affected. However, the number of projects addressing this field remains quite limited. This project proposes the development of a solution to perform mass screenings to detect symptoms of social loneliness. The project consists of a prototype of an intelligent conversational agent capable of applying the Social Loneliness Scale Este II by interacting with users through a fluid conversation, accepting a variety of responses, and generating a final assessment based on the test results. The project was developed and tested using the AWS environment tool called Amazon Lex, with additional implementations on Facebook Messenger and Slack. The results demonstrate that it is a tool capable of supporting healthcare professionals in screening the state of loneliness in users.

Direction
VALLADARES RODRIGUEZ, SONIA MARIA (Tutorships)

Court
COMESAÑA FIGUEROA, ENRIQUE (Coordinator)
COMESAÑA FIGUEROA, ENRIQUE (Chairman)
FERNANDEZ PICHEL, MARCOS (Secretary)
VAZQUEZ ALVAREZ, ALVARO (Member)