Immunology

- Convey a precise and up-to-date understanding of the immune system, emphasizing the organizing principles of immunity.

- Identify the specific cells and molecules, which are essential components of the immune system, as well as the functions they carry out in the defense of the host against infection.

- Apply the principles of immunity to the understanding of human diseases: defense against infections and diseases due to an abnormal immune response.

- Teach basic techniques of an immunology laboratory.

Subject program:
Topic 1. Introduction to Immunology
Topic 2. Cells and tissues of the immune system
Topic 3. Cytokines
Topic 4. Innate immunity
Topic 5. Antibodies: structure and function
Topic 6. Genetic bases of antibody diversity
Topic 7. Structure of the B cell receptor (BCR) and signal transduction
Topic 8. The major histocompatibility complex
Topic 9. Genetic bases of the diversity of the receptor of T lymphocytes
Topic 10. Structure of the T cell receptor (TCR) and signal transduction
Topic 11. Processing and presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes
Topic 12. Development of T lymphocytes
Topic 13. Activation of T lymphocytes and effector mechanisms
Topic 14. Development of B lymphocytes
Topic 15. Activation of B lymphocytes and antibody synthesis
Topic 16. Regulation of the immune response
Topic 17. Immunity against microorganisms
Topic 18. Congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies
Topic 19. Hypersensitivity and allergies
Topic 20. Autoimmunity
Topic 21. Immunology of transplants
Topic 22. Tumor immunology

Interactive class program:
The expository classes will be completed with 3 hours of interactive classes, divided into two sessions of 1 and 2 hours, respectively. In them the students will discuss and solve questions and problems related to the subject. This material, in some cases, will be available on the course website, and in others it will be provided by the teacher in the corresponding interactive class.

Program of practical classes:
The practical laboratory classes will be carried out in 4 sessions of 3 hours each, and a written test at the end of them.
Practice 1. Agglutination reactions
Practice 2. Recognition of organs, tissues and cells of the immune system
Practice 3. Immunoprecipitation reactions
Practice 4. Complement fixation reactions

Basic.
• Abbas, AK, Litchtman, AH y Pillai, S. Inmunología celular y molecular. 10ª Edición. Ed. Elsevier (2022).
• Murphy, K, Travers, P, y Walport, M. Inmunobiología de Janeway. 7ª Edición. Ed. MC Graw-Hill Interamericana (2010).
• Delves, P, Martin S, Burton D, Roitt, I. Inmunología. Fundamentos. 12ª Edición. Editorial Médica Panamericana (2015).

Complementary.
• Abbas AK, Litchtman, AH y Pillai S. Inmunología básica. Funciones y trastornos del sistema inmunitario. 6ª Edición. Ed. Elsevier (2020).
• Regueiro, J., González-Rodríguez, S., Martínez-Naves, E., López-Larrea, C., y Corell, A. Inmunología. Biología y patología del sistema inmune. 5ª Edición. Editorial Médica Panamericana (2021).
• Punt, J, Strandford, SA, Jones, PP y Owen JA. Kuby. Inmunología. 8ª Edición. Editorial McGraw-Hill (2020).

Knowledge:
With 37. Know the structure and function of the human body, as well as the general mechanisms of the disease, molecular, structural and functional alterations, syndromic expression and therapeutic tools to restore health.

Skills or abilities:
H/D 05. Develop communication and information skills, both oral and written, to deal with patients and users of the center where you carry out your professional activity.
H/D 06. Promote work and collaboration skills in multidisciplinary teams and those related to other health professionals.
H/D 15. Develop skills to identify therapeutic targets and biotechnological drug production, as well as the use of gene therapy.

Competencies:
Comp 01. Capacity for analysis and synthesis.
Comp 03. Oral and written communication in one's own language.
Comp 07. Problem solving.
Comp 11. Teamwork.
Comp 18. Ability to apply knowledge in practice.

A) Expository classes in a large group: lesson given by the teacher in which the theoretical contents of the subject are exposed. The teacher may have the support of audiovisual and computer media but, in general, students will not need to use them in class. The USC virtual platform will support and complement theoretical teaching.

B) Interactive classes in small groups (Seminars): theoretical/practical class in which applications of the theory, problems or exercises are proposed and solved. The student will actively participate in these classes in different ways, such as handing in assignments and exercises to the teacher (some of those proposed in bulletins that the teacher makes available to students well in advance) and solving exercises in the classroom. , including other possibilities. Assessment tests are included if necessary. Participation in these seminars is mandatory to obtain the score corresponding to the continuous evaluation.

C) Practical laboratory classes: Classes that take place in a practical laboratory are included here. For these practices the student will have a manual of laboratory practices. After an explanation by the teacher, the student will individually or in small groups carry out the experiments and calculations necessary to achieve the objectives of the practice, collecting in the laboratory manual the development of the practice and the calculations and results obtained. Participation in these practical sessions is mandatory, as well as the completion of the written test at the end of them.

D) Blackboard tutorials in a very small group: Tutorials scheduled by the teacher. Activities are proposed to assess the level of learning and understanding of the subject, clarification of doubts about the theory or practices, problems, exercises, readings or other tasks.

E) USC virtual platform: it will be used as a support and complement for theoretical-practical teaching and as an important element of communication with the student. In it, theoretical and practical resources, necessary for the study of the subject, will be made available to students.

1. The evaluation in the two opportunities of the academic year will consist of three parts: theoretical part, practical part and part corresponding to theinteractive classes.
2. The theoretical exam will account for 80% of the final grade (maximum of 8 points). The exam will be of a mixed type, with multiple choice questionsto cover all the fundamental parts of the subject, and with short and specific questions, which allow assessing the development of reasoning and theassimilation of the subject. It is necessary that the grade obtained in this exam exceeds 45% (3.6) of the maximum (8) corresponding to said section toassess the rest of the sections. The mark of the theoretical exam will only be maintained during the following academic year in case of failing the subject.
3. The evaluation of the practices will account for 10% (maximum of 1 point) of the final grade. For this evaluation, the work developed by the student inthe laboratory will be taken into account together with the student's understanding of the experimental protocol and the experimental results obtained,which will be carried out through a written test that will consist of short questions. The student will not be able to pass the subject of Immunology if hedoes not carry out the laboratory practices and the corresponding written test at the end of them. The qualification of the practices will only bemaintained during the following two academic years in case of not passing the subject.
4. The evaluation of the interactive/continuous classes will account for 10% (maximum of 1 point) of the final grade. It will be established taking intoaccount: active participation of the student in the classes, completion of the proposed work and activities, notes corresponding to written tests onspecific sections that can be carried out, etc. It will be carried out throughout the course, but fundamentally in the interactive classes. The qualification ofthe interactive classes will be maintained during the following academic year in case of not passing the subject. If the repeating student wants to attendthe interactive classes, he must express it in writing to the professor at the beginning of the semester.
5. On the 2nd opportunity of the course, only the theory exam will be carried out, keeping the grade corresponding to the practices and the evaluation ofthe interactive/continuous classes. The maximum mark on which this part of the exam will be graded and the minimum required will be the same asdescribed for the first call.
6. The student must obtain five points out of a total of ten to pass the subject.
7. The evaluation of learning will be carried out as follows:
• With the theory exam, the acquisition of knowledge of the subject and its communication will be evaluated (Con37; Comp01, Comp03, Comp07)
• With the practice exam, skills H/D 05 and H/D 06 will be evaluated, as well as competencies 03, 07, 11 and 18.
• In the interactive classes, H/D 15 skills and competencies 01, 03, 07, 11 and 18 will be evaluated.

PRESENTIAL WORK IN THE CLASSROOM (HOURS)
Expository classes in large group: 23.
Small group interactive classes: 3.
Tutorials in a very small group: 2.
Laboratory practices: 15.
Examinations and review: 2.
Total hours of face-to-face work in the classroom or in the laboratory: 45

STUDENT'S PERSONAL WORK (HOURS)
Autonomous individual or group study: 46.
Resolution of exercises or other works: 20.
Preparation of the laboratory work and elaboration of the memory of practices: 1.5.
Total hours of student personal work: 67.5

The student must avoid the simple memory effort, since it is not adequate or sufficient, focusing the study to achieve understanding, reasoning and relationship of the contents of the subject.

Regarding the interactive classes, active participation in them will allow the student a better understanding of many of the aspects explained in theory classes, which will facilitate the study for the final exam.

Students are recommended to attend the review of exams, where the teacher will be able to tell them what their mistakes have been and how to overcome them, as well as in which parts of the subject they should make a greater effort in order to recover.

Likewise, it is of great help that the student tries to resolve all the questions that have been proposed during the course, as well as new ones that appear in the recommended bibliography, and that he attends the tutorials to resolve doubts with the help of the teacher.