Psychology of Political Radicalization
Authorship
M.A.M.
Psychology
M.A.M.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
This paper consists of a systematic review of the existing literature on the radicalization process, relating it to the theory of the search for meaning and the 3N model (Need, Narrative, Network) proposed by Kruglanski et al. The objective is to understand and synthesize the main findings, both empirical and theoretical, that explain how this loss of meaning can lead to radicalization, legitimizing violence and integration into radical Networks. To this end, a review of 24 articles from different databases was conducted. These articles provide empirical and theoretical evidence that the Need to recover a sense of personal worth is the driving force behind the radicalization process, and that social media and Narrative interact in key ways in this process.
This paper consists of a systematic review of the existing literature on the radicalization process, relating it to the theory of the search for meaning and the 3N model (Need, Narrative, Network) proposed by Kruglanski et al. The objective is to understand and synthesize the main findings, both empirical and theoretical, that explain how this loss of meaning can lead to radicalization, legitimizing violence and integration into radical Networks. To this end, a review of 24 articles from different databases was conducted. These articles provide empirical and theoretical evidence that the Need to recover a sense of personal worth is the driving force behind the radicalization process, and that social media and Narrative interact in key ways in this process.
Direction
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Coordinator)
SABUCEDO CAMESELLE, JOSE MANUEL (Student’s tutor)
Adverse effects of simulant interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a systematic review update
Authorship
N.C.S.
Psychology
N.C.S.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopment problem, with a 50-60% of persistence in adulthood. Although it is recommended to start with psychotherapeutic and educational treatment, pharmacological treatments are increasingly rising. The most used drugs are stimulants because they’re known to be effective and safe. Nevertheless, even if the risk is low, it is a need to take into account some adverse effects. The aim of this study is to search for current evidence about these secondary effects when using stimulant drugs to treat ADHD, considering both short-term and long-term data. With this purpose, a systematic review was carried out, consisting of 20 articles about the selected theme. Even though there was disagreement between some studies and knowing that this drugs are generally safe, amphetamines showed a higher psychiatric and cardiovascular risk, while methylphenidate was associated, to a lesser degree, with cardiovascular effects. The rest of the risks (reduced appetite, trouble sleeping…) were frecuent, but also mild, transient and manageable. However, there are many unknowns, specially when refering to long-term exposure to stimulants. Future studies should focus on this and also in adapting and tailoring the treatment to each patient’s risks.
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopment problem, with a 50-60% of persistence in adulthood. Although it is recommended to start with psychotherapeutic and educational treatment, pharmacological treatments are increasingly rising. The most used drugs are stimulants because they’re known to be effective and safe. Nevertheless, even if the risk is low, it is a need to take into account some adverse effects. The aim of this study is to search for current evidence about these secondary effects when using stimulant drugs to treat ADHD, considering both short-term and long-term data. With this purpose, a systematic review was carried out, consisting of 20 articles about the selected theme. Even though there was disagreement between some studies and knowing that this drugs are generally safe, amphetamines showed a higher psychiatric and cardiovascular risk, while methylphenidate was associated, to a lesser degree, with cardiovascular effects. The rest of the risks (reduced appetite, trouble sleeping…) were frecuent, but also mild, transient and manageable. However, there are many unknowns, specially when refering to long-term exposure to stimulants. Future studies should focus on this and also in adapting and tailoring the treatment to each patient’s risks.
Direction
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
LOSADA VAZQUEZ, MARIA CONCEPCION (Tutorships)
Court
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
Cognitive-behavioral therapy versus pharmacological treatment in mood disorders: a systematic review
Authorship
A.D.F.
Psychology
A.D.F.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 13:30
09.16.2025 13:30
Summary
Millions of people worldwide suffer from mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder. These conditions severely affect quality of life and daily functioning. Medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are two widely used treatments. This systematic review compares the effectiveness of both interventions. Findings indicate that CBT and pharmacological treatment are both effective, though with differences: CBT provides greater long-term benefits and lowers relapse risk, while medication offers faster symptom relief. Treatment choice should consider symptom severity, individual characteristics, and patient preferences. In many cases, a combined approach may represent the most effective option.
Millions of people worldwide suffer from mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder. These conditions severely affect quality of life and daily functioning. Medication and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are two widely used treatments. This systematic review compares the effectiveness of both interventions. Findings indicate that CBT and pharmacological treatment are both effective, though with differences: CBT provides greater long-term benefits and lowers relapse risk, while medication offers faster symptom relief. Treatment choice should consider symptom severity, individual characteristics, and patient preferences. In many cases, a combined approach may represent the most effective option.
Direction
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Tutorships)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Tutorships)
Court
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Student’s tutor)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Student’s tutor)
Impact of Substance Use Disorder on the Decline of Cognitive Functions
Authorship
I.D.V.
Psychology
I.D.V.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:30
09.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Individuals with cocaine use disorder frequently present alterations in various executive functions, which affects their ability to regulate behavior, adapt to changes, and make appropriate decisions in complex situations. Assessing these deficits is highly relevant to understanding the neurocognitive consequences of chronic cocaine use and to guide more targeted therapeutic approaches. This study reviewed research published between 2004 and 2023 with the aim of identifying the main executive domains affected in this population, analyzing differences in cognitive performance compared to healthy control groups, and exploring whether the observed deficits are related to alterations in the prefrontal cortex reported in the literature. The most commonly used neuropsychological tasks were the Go/No-Go, Stop Signal Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Iowa Gambling Task, and digit span tasks. In most cases, individuals with cocaine use disorder performed significantly worse than control participants. The reviewed studies consistently showed impairments in functions such as inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and decision-making. Additionally, several studies using functional neuroimaging techniques reported reduced activation in prefrontal regions, along with compensatory involvement of subcortical areas. These findings suggest a functional reorganization of brain activity associated with prolonged cocaine use.
Individuals with cocaine use disorder frequently present alterations in various executive functions, which affects their ability to regulate behavior, adapt to changes, and make appropriate decisions in complex situations. Assessing these deficits is highly relevant to understanding the neurocognitive consequences of chronic cocaine use and to guide more targeted therapeutic approaches. This study reviewed research published between 2004 and 2023 with the aim of identifying the main executive domains affected in this population, analyzing differences in cognitive performance compared to healthy control groups, and exploring whether the observed deficits are related to alterations in the prefrontal cortex reported in the literature. The most commonly used neuropsychological tasks were the Go/No-Go, Stop Signal Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Iowa Gambling Task, and digit span tasks. In most cases, individuals with cocaine use disorder performed significantly worse than control participants. The reviewed studies consistently showed impairments in functions such as inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and decision-making. Additionally, several studies using functional neuroimaging techniques reported reduced activation in prefrontal regions, along with compensatory involvement of subcortical areas. These findings suggest a functional reorganization of brain activity associated with prolonged cocaine use.
Direction
CESPON GONZALEZ, JESUS (Tutorships)
CESPON GONZALEZ, JESUS (Tutorships)
Court
CESPON GONZALEZ, JESUS (Student’s tutor)
CESPON GONZALEZ, JESUS (Student’s tutor)
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Its Correlations with Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authorship
D.F.D.
Psychology
D.F.D.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 11:00
09.16.2025 11:00
Summary
Every human being must overcome numerous barriers as they grow and develop. These challenges become more pronounced when conditions such as Neurofibromatosis Type 1 or other disorders like ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) and ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are involved. For this reason, a systematic search was conducted, resulting in the selection of 17 articles. Throughout this paper, the comorbidities and differences among these three conditions will be analyzed, comparing their impact during the early years of human development (0 to 18 years). Current research highlights several comorbidities, such as working memory difficulties and social communication challenges, which must be addressed early to mitigate their effects as much as possible. It is crucial to keep in mind that intervention strategies should consider the specific needs of each individual case, avoiding generic approaches in favor of personalized interventions.
Every human being must overcome numerous barriers as they grow and develop. These challenges become more pronounced when conditions such as Neurofibromatosis Type 1 or other disorders like ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) and ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) are involved. For this reason, a systematic search was conducted, resulting in the selection of 17 articles. Throughout this paper, the comorbidities and differences among these three conditions will be analyzed, comparing their impact during the early years of human development (0 to 18 years). Current research highlights several comorbidities, such as working memory difficulties and social communication challenges, which must be addressed early to mitigate their effects as much as possible. It is crucial to keep in mind that intervention strategies should consider the specific needs of each individual case, avoiding generic approaches in favor of personalized interventions.
Direction
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Tutorships)
Court
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Student’s tutor)
Rodríguez Holguín, Socorro (Student’s tutor)
Educational Treatment Guidelines for ASD in Spain: A Critical Analysis”
Authorship
A.F.S.
Psychology
A.F.S.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 11:30
09.16.2025 11:30
Summary
This Final Degree Project conducted a comparative analysis of the guidelines published by Spanish autonomous communities regarding the educational treatment of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study was based on a central problem: the lack of uniformity in regional protocols, which may lead to significant disparities in the quality of educational support that students with ASD receive depending on their place of residence. Sólo uso interno Las guías de tratamiento educativo del TEA en España: un análisis crítico This research was particularly relevant in the current context, where the prevalence of ASD has increased considerably and where current national and international legislation demands inclusive, equitable, and evidence-based educational responses. A qualitative, descriptive- documentary methodology was used. Five regional guidelines were selected and analyzed, from Galicia, Andalusia, Asturias, Extremadura, and the Valencian Community. The analysis was organized around categories such as theoretical foundations, intervention protocols, educational measures, family involvement, and legal alignment.The main findings revealed substantial differences in diagnostic updates, methodological approaches, and the specificity of the proposals. It was also noted that some communities do not have their own guidelines. As a main conclusion, the study proposed the development of a supra-regional framework guide to ensure equity, promote best practices, and improve coherence in the educational response to students with ASD throughout Spain.
This Final Degree Project conducted a comparative analysis of the guidelines published by Spanish autonomous communities regarding the educational treatment of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The study was based on a central problem: the lack of uniformity in regional protocols, which may lead to significant disparities in the quality of educational support that students with ASD receive depending on their place of residence. Sólo uso interno Las guías de tratamiento educativo del TEA en España: un análisis crítico This research was particularly relevant in the current context, where the prevalence of ASD has increased considerably and where current national and international legislation demands inclusive, equitable, and evidence-based educational responses. A qualitative, descriptive- documentary methodology was used. Five regional guidelines were selected and analyzed, from Galicia, Andalusia, Asturias, Extremadura, and the Valencian Community. The analysis was organized around categories such as theoretical foundations, intervention protocols, educational measures, family involvement, and legal alignment.The main findings revealed substantial differences in diagnostic updates, methodological approaches, and the specificity of the proposals. It was also noted that some communities do not have their own guidelines. As a main conclusion, the study proposed the development of a supra-regional framework guide to ensure equity, promote best practices, and improve coherence in the educational response to students with ASD throughout Spain.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Relationship between depressive symptoms and brain activity
Authorship
C.G.G.
Psychology
C.G.G.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 12:30
09.16.2025 12:30
Summary
The present work analyzes the relationship between depressive symptomatology in adult population and brain electrical activity measured by evoked potentials (ERPs). A systematic review of 14 empirical studies in non-clinical or subclinical samples was performed, evaluating components such as RewP, P300, LPP, FRN and CNV in reward, anticipation and emotional processing tasks, incorporating in some cases complementary analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA), to explore latent patterns of brain processing. The results show a consistent reduction in the amplitude of several components in people with greater depressive symptomatology. RewP is related to lower sensitivity to positive reinforcement; P300, LPP and FRN reflect attenuated emotional involvement to positive or ambiguous stimuli; and CNV shows heterogeneous patterns, with disorganized anticipatory activation as a function of traits such as impulsivity. PCA has allowed us to qualify these findings by isolating common functional dimensions linked to depression. Taken together, the data support a dimensional view of psychol distress and suggest that ERPs, combined with methods such as PCA, could be useful markers for detecting emotional vulnerability and complementing clinical assessment.
The present work analyzes the relationship between depressive symptomatology in adult population and brain electrical activity measured by evoked potentials (ERPs). A systematic review of 14 empirical studies in non-clinical or subclinical samples was performed, evaluating components such as RewP, P300, LPP, FRN and CNV in reward, anticipation and emotional processing tasks, incorporating in some cases complementary analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA), to explore latent patterns of brain processing. The results show a consistent reduction in the amplitude of several components in people with greater depressive symptomatology. RewP is related to lower sensitivity to positive reinforcement; P300, LPP and FRN reflect attenuated emotional involvement to positive or ambiguous stimuli; and CNV shows heterogeneous patterns, with disorganized anticipatory activation as a function of traits such as impulsivity. PCA has allowed us to qualify these findings by isolating common functional dimensions linked to depression. Taken together, the data support a dimensional view of psychol distress and suggest that ERPs, combined with methods such as PCA, could be useful markers for detecting emotional vulnerability and complementing clinical assessment.
Direction
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Tutorships)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Co-tutorships)
Court
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Student’s tutor)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Student’s tutor)
AMENEDO LOSADA, MARIA ELENA (Student’s tutor)
Rodríguez Salgado, Dolores (Student’s tutor)
The relationship between social media and social anxiety: sex differences
Authorship
N.G.I.
Psychology
N.G.I.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
Social media is part of our daily lives, but there is increasing evidence of problematic use and its relationship with various mental health issues, including social anxiety. In addition, several studies point to the existence of differences based on sex. This literature review aimed to analyze the relationship between social media use and social anxiety as a function of sex. After conducting a search in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, 10 studies published in the last five years were selected. The results showed an association between social media use and social anxiety, although it has not been possible to establish a conclusion regarding the directionality of this relationship. Most studies indicate that this relationship is more frequent in women. Mediating variables such as low self-esteem and body image dissatisfaction were identified, and differences were observed depending on the type of social media use, with passive use being the most closely linked to social anxiety. The need to include sex-based analysis and to examine risk factors in future research is highlighted, in order to guide more tailored prevention and intervention strategies and to contribute to a better understanding of this relationship.
Social media is part of our daily lives, but there is increasing evidence of problematic use and its relationship with various mental health issues, including social anxiety. In addition, several studies point to the existence of differences based on sex. This literature review aimed to analyze the relationship between social media use and social anxiety as a function of sex. After conducting a search in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases, 10 studies published in the last five years were selected. The results showed an association between social media use and social anxiety, although it has not been possible to establish a conclusion regarding the directionality of this relationship. Most studies indicate that this relationship is more frequent in women. Mediating variables such as low self-esteem and body image dissatisfaction were identified, and differences were observed depending on the type of social media use, with passive use being the most closely linked to social anxiety. The need to include sex-based analysis and to examine risk factors in future research is highlighted, in order to guide more tailored prevention and intervention strategies and to contribute to a better understanding of this relationship.
Direction
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
López Durán, Ana (Tutorships)
Court
López Durán, Ana (Student’s tutor)
López Durán, Ana (Student’s tutor)
The influence of anxiety symptoms on the processing of emotional facial expressions
Authorship
A.L.R.
Psychology
A.L.R.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 13:00
09.16.2025 13:00
Summary
The aim of this study is to review empirical research that has used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the influence of trait anxiety on tasks involving emotional facial stimuli in young populations with subclinical levels of anxiety. Among the six studies included, most reported a tendency toward threat-related information at both early and late stages of visual processing. Furthermore, components such as LPP showed increased amplitudes in individuals with higher levels of trait anxiety. Although emotional effects were frequently observed, results varied widely and no consistent pattern was found across all studies, likely due to differences in experimental paradigms, stimulus exposure time, perceptual load, and task relevance. These findings highlight the importance of continuing research in this area using more standarized experimental designs.
The aim of this study is to review empirical research that has used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine the influence of trait anxiety on tasks involving emotional facial stimuli in young populations with subclinical levels of anxiety. Among the six studies included, most reported a tendency toward threat-related information at both early and late stages of visual processing. Furthermore, components such as LPP showed increased amplitudes in individuals with higher levels of trait anxiety. Although emotional effects were frequently observed, results varied widely and no consistent pattern was found across all studies, likely due to differences in experimental paradigms, stimulus exposure time, perceptual load, and task relevance. These findings highlight the importance of continuing research in this area using more standarized experimental designs.
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Chronic Pain Management
Authorship
A.L.V.
Psychology
A.L.V.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
Chronic pain is a prevalent health issue with significant psychological, social, and functional repercussions. Various medical disciplines aim to reduce or eliminate pain, its symptoms, and/or consequences. In the field of mental health, psychology seeks to improve patients’ quality of life by reducing emotional distress and associated problems such as depression, anxiety, or even suicidal ideation, among others, with the goal of enhancing overall well-being. The psychological therapy analyzed in this work is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which belongs to the third-wave therapies. It focuses on psychological flexibility as a key factor for functional and vital improvement, through various processes such as acceptance. The research was carried out through a literature review to examine the effectiveness of ACT, analyzing ten randomized controlled trials published in PubMed and Scopus. ACT has shown to be effective in the management of chronic pain, improving acceptance and quality of life, and reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and catastrophizing. The intervention demonstrated positive outcomes across different formats: guided self-help with therapeutic support, minimally supported self-help, and face-to-face delivery. Pain acceptance emerges as a key mechanism of improvement.
Chronic pain is a prevalent health issue with significant psychological, social, and functional repercussions. Various medical disciplines aim to reduce or eliminate pain, its symptoms, and/or consequences. In the field of mental health, psychology seeks to improve patients’ quality of life by reducing emotional distress and associated problems such as depression, anxiety, or even suicidal ideation, among others, with the goal of enhancing overall well-being. The psychological therapy analyzed in this work is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), which belongs to the third-wave therapies. It focuses on psychological flexibility as a key factor for functional and vital improvement, through various processes such as acceptance. The research was carried out through a literature review to examine the effectiveness of ACT, analyzing ten randomized controlled trials published in PubMed and Scopus. ACT has shown to be effective in the management of chronic pain, improving acceptance and quality of life, and reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression, and catastrophizing. The intervention demonstrated positive outcomes across different formats: guided self-help with therapeutic support, minimally supported self-help, and face-to-face delivery. Pain acceptance emerges as a key mechanism of improvement.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
Pain modulation through mindfulness: neural regions and mechanisms. A systematic review
Authorship
A.M.V.
Psychology
A.M.V.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
Although pain serves adaptive functions, it can become incapacitating in conditions such as chronic pain. Conventional treatments are not always effective and can even aggravate the situation. In this context, mindfulness presents itself as a promising alternative, although there is insufficient evidence to support its clinical efficacy. In particular, there is a lack of knowledge about the neural mechanisms involved in its possible efficacy, and addressing this gap is the objective of the present study. This systematic review analyses how mindfulness, understood as both meditation and a dispositional trait, modulates pain perception in healthy individuals, analyzing studies that use neuroimaging or drug effects to delve deeper into the neural mechanisms. The search was conducted in the PubMed database, and relevant studies were selected using the Rayyan reference manager. Seven documents that met the selection criteria were included, to which 3 additional references were added. The studies were classified into two groups: those that analyze brain regions involved in pain modulation through mindfulness, and those that explore the role of endogenous opioids. The findings show that mindfulness significantly modulates key regions of sensory, affective, and cognitive pain processing, being associated with increased activity in regions such as the somatosensory cortex, insula, and cingulate cortex, and deactivation of regions such as the thalamus and periaqueductal grey matter. Furthermore, its analgesic effect does not appear to depend on endogenous opioids. These results contribute to a better understanding of the neural basis underlying mindfulness as a pain modulator and support the efficacy of its therapeutic application.
Although pain serves adaptive functions, it can become incapacitating in conditions such as chronic pain. Conventional treatments are not always effective and can even aggravate the situation. In this context, mindfulness presents itself as a promising alternative, although there is insufficient evidence to support its clinical efficacy. In particular, there is a lack of knowledge about the neural mechanisms involved in its possible efficacy, and addressing this gap is the objective of the present study. This systematic review analyses how mindfulness, understood as both meditation and a dispositional trait, modulates pain perception in healthy individuals, analyzing studies that use neuroimaging or drug effects to delve deeper into the neural mechanisms. The search was conducted in the PubMed database, and relevant studies were selected using the Rayyan reference manager. Seven documents that met the selection criteria were included, to which 3 additional references were added. The studies were classified into two groups: those that analyze brain regions involved in pain modulation through mindfulness, and those that explore the role of endogenous opioids. The findings show that mindfulness significantly modulates key regions of sensory, affective, and cognitive pain processing, being associated with increased activity in regions such as the somatosensory cortex, insula, and cingulate cortex, and deactivation of regions such as the thalamus and periaqueductal grey matter. Furthermore, its analgesic effect does not appear to depend on endogenous opioids. These results contribute to a better understanding of the neural basis underlying mindfulness as a pain modulator and support the efficacy of its therapeutic application.
Direction
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Carrillo De la Peña, María Teresa (Tutorships)
Court
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
MARTINEZ VISPO, CARMELA (Chairman)
LINDIN NOVO, MONICA (Secretary)
Arce Fernández, Ramón (Member)
The Soteria Project in the Treatment of Psychotic Disorders: A Literature Review
Authorship
S.M.L.
Psychology
S.M.L.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:30
09.16.2025 10:30
Summary
Since its origin in the 1970s, the Soteria approach has proposed a non-coercive residential setting focused on relational support and minimal use of antipsychotics. This paper presents a critical review of the empirical evidence on the Soteria model as an alternative to conventional psychiatric hospitalization in cases of acute psychosis. The review includes fourteen studies selected based on methodological and clinical relevance, encompassing empirical studies, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews. The findings suggest that the Soteria model may offer clinical outcomes comparable to or better than standard hospital treatment, particularly in terms of social functioning, autonomy, reduced use of psychotropic medication, and relapse prevention. Ethical and structural strengths of the approach are also identified, such as its horizontal organization, the creation of a home-like environment, and the promotion of meaningful relationships. Nevertheless, methodological limitations of the existing studies and regulatory, institutional, and cultural barriers to implementation are also noted. It is concluded that Soteria represents a viable clinical alternative and, at the same time, a proposal that challenges the foundations of the dominant biomedical model. Its analysis invites a rethinking of contemporary psychiatric practices and the exploration of more humane, respectful, and recovery-oriented forms of care.
Since its origin in the 1970s, the Soteria approach has proposed a non-coercive residential setting focused on relational support and minimal use of antipsychotics. This paper presents a critical review of the empirical evidence on the Soteria model as an alternative to conventional psychiatric hospitalization in cases of acute psychosis. The review includes fourteen studies selected based on methodological and clinical relevance, encompassing empirical studies, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews. The findings suggest that the Soteria model may offer clinical outcomes comparable to or better than standard hospital treatment, particularly in terms of social functioning, autonomy, reduced use of psychotropic medication, and relapse prevention. Ethical and structural strengths of the approach are also identified, such as its horizontal organization, the creation of a home-like environment, and the promotion of meaningful relationships. Nevertheless, methodological limitations of the existing studies and regulatory, institutional, and cultural barriers to implementation are also noted. It is concluded that Soteria represents a viable clinical alternative and, at the same time, a proposal that challenges the foundations of the dominant biomedical model. Its analysis invites a rethinking of contemporary psychiatric practices and the exploration of more humane, respectful, and recovery-oriented forms of care.
Direction
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Tutorships)
Court
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
GUTIERREZ GARCIA, EMILIO (Student’s tutor)
Impac of covid-19 on child development. A cross-country comparison
Authorship
E.P.P.
Psychology
E.P.P.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 12:00
09.16.2025 12:00
Summary
The covid-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented global disruption, forcing the implementation of various health prevention measures, such as lockdowns, social isolation, and widespread mask use. This paper analyzes the impact of these measures on child development from birth to age of 12 years, focusing on three key dimensions: language, socioemotional, and literacy development. Through a narrative review of the scientific literature, studies from northern European countries (Sweden, Norway, and Finland) and southern European countries (Spain, Portugal, and Italy) are compared, considering the severity of the restrictions applied in each context. The findings indicate that the most restrictive measures tend to negatively affect child development, especially in the school setting, where setbacks in literacy learning and reduced peer interaction are observed. At earlier stages, the impact is associated with language delays and less social stimulation. The results suggest that the level of impact depends not only on national policies, but also on the environment in which children grow up. Factors such as the digital divide, lack of family support, housing conditions, and unequal access to education intensify the negative effects in vulnerable contexts. The conclusion is that there is a need to design public policies sensitive to the social context and to implement specific interventions aimed at reducing the impact of future crises on the most disadvantaged children.
The covid-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented global disruption, forcing the implementation of various health prevention measures, such as lockdowns, social isolation, and widespread mask use. This paper analyzes the impact of these measures on child development from birth to age of 12 years, focusing on three key dimensions: language, socioemotional, and literacy development. Through a narrative review of the scientific literature, studies from northern European countries (Sweden, Norway, and Finland) and southern European countries (Spain, Portugal, and Italy) are compared, considering the severity of the restrictions applied in each context. The findings indicate that the most restrictive measures tend to negatively affect child development, especially in the school setting, where setbacks in literacy learning and reduced peer interaction are observed. At earlier stages, the impact is associated with language delays and less social stimulation. The results suggest that the level of impact depends not only on national policies, but also on the environment in which children grow up. Factors such as the digital divide, lack of family support, housing conditions, and unequal access to education intensify the negative effects in vulnerable contexts. The conclusion is that there is a need to design public policies sensitive to the social context and to implement specific interventions aimed at reducing the impact of future crises on the most disadvantaged children.
Direction
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Tutorships)
Court
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Rivas Torres, Rosa María (Student’s tutor)
Socioeconomic status and antisocial behavior
Authorship
S.P.R.
Psychology
S.P.R.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 11:00
09.16.2025 11:00
Summary
This paper analyzes the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the emergence of antisocial behavior (ASB) in contemporary urban environments, using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model as a theoretical framework. The main objective was to study whether SES acts as a direct risk factor in ASB or whether its influence is mediated or moderated by variables located at other levels of the ecological system. To answer this question, a systematic review was conducted using the PsycInfo database, using socioeconomic status and antisocial behavior as descriptors. Finally, 14 peer-reviewed empirical articles published since 1990 were selected. The results mostly indicate that the relationship between socioeconomic status and antisocial behavior is not direct, but is mediated or moderated by third variables. Among the mediating factors, neighborhood characteristics, parental styles, school adaptation, and peer affiliation stand out; while individual temperament and SES itself stand out as moderators. These results support an ecological interpretation of antisocial behavior, in which diverse contextual and individual influences interact bidirectionally. It is concluded that socioeconomic status does not determine antisocial behavior in isolation, but rather develops within a complex network of risk and protective factors.
This paper analyzes the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the emergence of antisocial behavior (ASB) in contemporary urban environments, using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model as a theoretical framework. The main objective was to study whether SES acts as a direct risk factor in ASB or whether its influence is mediated or moderated by variables located at other levels of the ecological system. To answer this question, a systematic review was conducted using the PsycInfo database, using socioeconomic status and antisocial behavior as descriptors. Finally, 14 peer-reviewed empirical articles published since 1990 were selected. The results mostly indicate that the relationship between socioeconomic status and antisocial behavior is not direct, but is mediated or moderated by third variables. Among the mediating factors, neighborhood characteristics, parental styles, school adaptation, and peer affiliation stand out; while individual temperament and SES itself stand out as moderators. These results support an ecological interpretation of antisocial behavior, in which diverse contextual and individual influences interact bidirectionally. It is concluded that socioeconomic status does not determine antisocial behavior in isolation, but rather develops within a complex network of risk and protective factors.
Direction
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Tutorships)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Tutorships)
Court
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Student’s tutor)
GOMEZ FRAGUELA, Xosé Antón (Student’s tutor)
Biases in the emotional processing of faces in depression: a review of studies with evoked potentials
Authorship
N.R.G.
Psychology
N.R.G.
Psychology
Defense date
09.17.2025 11:30
09.17.2025 11:30
Summary
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N450).
Major depression (MD) is a mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood and a loss of pleasure or interest in previously enjoyable activities, lasting for a minimum of two weeks, every day or almost every day. In individuals with MD, a bias toward emotionally negative content may play a significant role, both in increasing initial vulnerability to the disorder and in elevating the risk of recurrence. Thus, the main objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies that have investigated potential biases in the early and late processing of faces with different emotional expressions in samples of individuals with major depression (MD), using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The findings from the reviewed studies suggest that individuals diagnosed with MD do indeed exhibit this negativity bias. These individuals allocate more attentional resources to, and perceive more accurately, stimuli that are congruent with their mood. Furthermore, psychophysiological results show that this bias modulates ERP components that reflect both early (P1, P2, N170) and late stages of processing (P3, LPP, or N450).
Direction
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Tutorships)
Court
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Pazo Álvarez, Paula (Student’s tutor)
Review of key aspects of vocational development and career choice in adolescents.
Authorship
S.R.S.
Psychology
S.R.S.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 11:30
09.16.2025 11:30
Summary
This systematized literature review aims to analyze the main psychological and social factors that influence vocational development and career choice in adolescents. Through the analysis of 19 recent empirical studies, individual variables such as self-efficacy, vocational interests, personal motivation, personality traits, and age are identified, alongside contextual factors such as family support, the quality of educational guidance, sociocultural environment, and socioeconomic status. Among the most relevant findings is the central role of self-efficacy, which acts as a mediator between other key variables (interests and abilities, motivation, goal planning...) and vocational development. Additionally, support from significant figures, particularly mothers and school counselors, has been found to impact vocational decision-making. In conclusion, the results align with the assumptions of comprehensive vocational development theories, such as that of Lent, Brown and Hackett (1994). However, the difficulty of classifying the influencing factors within a single theoretical framework is noted, as well as the methodological complexity of studying individuals during such a dynamic life stage as adolescence, which is characterized by uncertainty, social pressure, and changes in personal identity.
This systematized literature review aims to analyze the main psychological and social factors that influence vocational development and career choice in adolescents. Through the analysis of 19 recent empirical studies, individual variables such as self-efficacy, vocational interests, personal motivation, personality traits, and age are identified, alongside contextual factors such as family support, the quality of educational guidance, sociocultural environment, and socioeconomic status. Among the most relevant findings is the central role of self-efficacy, which acts as a mediator between other key variables (interests and abilities, motivation, goal planning...) and vocational development. Additionally, support from significant figures, particularly mothers and school counselors, has been found to impact vocational decision-making. In conclusion, the results align with the assumptions of comprehensive vocational development theories, such as that of Lent, Brown and Hackett (1994). However, the difficulty of classifying the influencing factors within a single theoretical framework is noted, as well as the methodological complexity of studying individuals during such a dynamic life stage as adolescence, which is characterized by uncertainty, social pressure, and changes in personal identity.
Direction
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)
Influence of parenting patterns on later relationships
Authorship
I.R.R.
Psychology
I.R.R.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
This Final Degree examines the influence of child rearing practices experienced during childhood on the quality of affective relationships in young adulthood. Through a systematic review of ten recent studies, the roles of attachment and emotional conditioning are analyzed as key mechanisms in the formation of intimate bonds. The findings indicate that an authoritative parenting style, rooted in warmth and structure, promotes the development of secure attachment, which is associated with stable and satisfying relationships. In contrast, authoritarian, neglectful, or permissive styles are linked to insecure attachments that hinder emotional regulation and undermine relational quality. Furthermore, moderating factors such as gender, the father’s presence, and the sociocultural context are identified. A caring, democratic paternal presence is associated with greater emotional responsibility and healthier bonds. In addition, a positive family climate during adolescence appears to act as a protective factor against relational violence and emotional dysfunction in adult relationships. The reviewed evidence underscores the importance of early intervention in parenting styles and the promotion of educational and preventive programs focused on attachment. It is concluded that early child rearing experiences have a lasting impact on one’s ability to form healthy, balanced, and enduring emotional bonds, thereby reinforcing the need for public policies that foster safe and emotionally supportive family environments.
This Final Degree examines the influence of child rearing practices experienced during childhood on the quality of affective relationships in young adulthood. Through a systematic review of ten recent studies, the roles of attachment and emotional conditioning are analyzed as key mechanisms in the formation of intimate bonds. The findings indicate that an authoritative parenting style, rooted in warmth and structure, promotes the development of secure attachment, which is associated with stable and satisfying relationships. In contrast, authoritarian, neglectful, or permissive styles are linked to insecure attachments that hinder emotional regulation and undermine relational quality. Furthermore, moderating factors such as gender, the father’s presence, and the sociocultural context are identified. A caring, democratic paternal presence is associated with greater emotional responsibility and healthier bonds. In addition, a positive family climate during adolescence appears to act as a protective factor against relational violence and emotional dysfunction in adult relationships. The reviewed evidence underscores the importance of early intervention in parenting styles and the promotion of educational and preventive programs focused on attachment. It is concluded that early child rearing experiences have a lasting impact on one’s ability to form healthy, balanced, and enduring emotional bonds, thereby reinforcing the need for public policies that foster safe and emotionally supportive family environments.
Direction
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
ALCARAZ GARCIA, MIGUEL ANGEL (Tutorships)
Court
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Chairman)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Secretary)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Member)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Chairman)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Secretary)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Member)
Suicide Risk in Borderline Personality Disorder: a bibliographic review
Authorship
P.S.J.
Psychology
P.S.J.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 10:00
09.16.2025 10:00
Summary
Non me deixa adxuntar o traballo dáme erro. Intenteino de todas as formas, o único que podo facer é pasar o resumo por correo. El Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP) es un trastorno psicológico de elevada complejidad clínica y una condición que, por los datos alarmantes sobre el riesgo suicida, debería ocupar un lugar prioritario en la agenda de la salud mental pública. La literatura científica revisada señala que el suicidio continúa en aumento y supone un riesgo elevado en las personas con TLP, lo que pone de manifiesto una estrecha relación entre este trastorno y el riesgo suicida. No obstante, los mecanismos subyacentes que explican este riesgo siguen siendo poco comprendidos. En este contexto, se lleva a cabo una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de profundizar en la comprensión de estes mecanismos, identificar perfiles de mayor vulnerabilidad y examinar factores de protección y estrategias útiles para la prevención. Los resultados muestran que la desregulación emocional, el sentimiento de vacío y la percepción de ser una carga para los demás son factores psicológicos clave que predicen la ideación suicida e influyen en su persistencia. Además, se evidencia un perfil de alto riesgo en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con TLP, marcado por el inicio temprano de las conductas autolesivas, múltiples intentos de suicidio, elevada comorbilidad y uso frecuente de los servicio de salud mental, a menudo sin respuesta preventiva eficaz. También se identifican factores protectores como el sentido de la vida, los estilos de humor adaptativos, estrategias cognitivas como la distracción o el apoyo social, y líneas de investigación emergentes basadas en herramientas tecnológicas. En conjunto, los hallazgos señalan la necesidad de desarrollar abordajes clínicos integrales, aunque se requeriría más investigación, especialmente mediante estudios longitudinales, que esclarezcan la naturaleza de esta relación y ahonden en los factores protectores identificados para reforzar su eficacia en la reducción del riesgo.
Non me deixa adxuntar o traballo dáme erro. Intenteino de todas as formas, o único que podo facer é pasar o resumo por correo. El Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad (TLP) es un trastorno psicológico de elevada complejidad clínica y una condición que, por los datos alarmantes sobre el riesgo suicida, debería ocupar un lugar prioritario en la agenda de la salud mental pública. La literatura científica revisada señala que el suicidio continúa en aumento y supone un riesgo elevado en las personas con TLP, lo que pone de manifiesto una estrecha relación entre este trastorno y el riesgo suicida. No obstante, los mecanismos subyacentes que explican este riesgo siguen siendo poco comprendidos. En este contexto, se lleva a cabo una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de profundizar en la comprensión de estes mecanismos, identificar perfiles de mayor vulnerabilidad y examinar factores de protección y estrategias útiles para la prevención. Los resultados muestran que la desregulación emocional, el sentimiento de vacío y la percepción de ser una carga para los demás son factores psicológicos clave que predicen la ideación suicida e influyen en su persistencia. Además, se evidencia un perfil de alto riesgo en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con TLP, marcado por el inicio temprano de las conductas autolesivas, múltiples intentos de suicidio, elevada comorbilidad y uso frecuente de los servicio de salud mental, a menudo sin respuesta preventiva eficaz. También se identifican factores protectores como el sentido de la vida, los estilos de humor adaptativos, estrategias cognitivas como la distracción o el apoyo social, y líneas de investigación emergentes basadas en herramientas tecnológicas. En conjunto, los hallazgos señalan la necesidad de desarrollar abordajes clínicos integrales, aunque se requeriría más investigación, especialmente mediante estudios longitudinales, que esclarezcan la naturaleza de esta relación y ahonden en los factores protectores identificados para reforzar su eficacia en la reducción del riesgo.
Direction
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO LOPEZ, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Chairman)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Secretary)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Member)
Novo Pérez, Mercedes (Chairman)
CASTRO BALSA, MARIA JOSEFA (Secretary)
REAL DEUS, JOSE EULOGIO (Member)
Emotional Intelligence and academic perfomance in college students
Authorship
G.C.T.H.
Psychology
G.C.T.H.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 12:00
09.16.2025 12:00
Summary
College represents a key moment in personal development, marked by academic demands, adaptation to new contexts, and high levels of stress and anxiety. In this context, Emotional Intelligence (EI) emerges as a potential protective factor against emotional distress and a facilitator of academic performance. The main objective of this work is to review the scientific literature from the last ten years on the relationship between EI and academic performance in university students, through a systematic review of 14 articles. The results mostly show a positive relationship between EI and academic achievement, although with some exceptions. The mediating role of EI alongside other variables is highlighted. The influence of demographic variables such as gender and field of study is also analyzed, as well as the relationship between EI, exam anxiety, and academic stress. Therefore, EI proves to be relevant to academic success, both due to its direct impact and its ability to enhance other contributing factors. Educational institutions should promote students’ emotional development as part of a comprehensive approach to higher education.
College represents a key moment in personal development, marked by academic demands, adaptation to new contexts, and high levels of stress and anxiety. In this context, Emotional Intelligence (EI) emerges as a potential protective factor against emotional distress and a facilitator of academic performance. The main objective of this work is to review the scientific literature from the last ten years on the relationship between EI and academic performance in university students, through a systematic review of 14 articles. The results mostly show a positive relationship between EI and academic achievement, although with some exceptions. The mediating role of EI alongside other variables is highlighted. The influence of demographic variables such as gender and field of study is also analyzed, as well as the relationship between EI, exam anxiety, and academic stress. Therefore, EI proves to be relevant to academic success, both due to its direct impact and its ability to enhance other contributing factors. Educational institutions should promote students’ emotional development as part of a comprehensive approach to higher education.
Direction
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)
Vocation as a Meaning-directed Process: a Vocational Interpretation of the Hero's Journey
Authorship
M.T.V.
Psychology
M.T.V.
Psychology
Defense date
09.16.2025 12:30
09.16.2025 12:30
Summary
This theoretical research explores the concept of vocation as a process driven by the search for meaning, a phenomenon that is both a worldview schema guiding action and a subjective perception of life’s purpose. It analyzes the historical and mythological roots of the term, as well as the enduring relevance of its implications, often forgotten after an evolution from a religious to a more secular context, but recoverable through its contemporary definition. Through a reinterpretation of the heroic myth, it is argued that the Hero’s Journey provides a psychological framework that integrates biological, philosophical, and mythological perspectives on vocation. Vocation thus emerges as a sophisticated adaptive strategy, simultaneously successful atevolutionary, social, and individual levels. A psychological approach to the classical stages of the Hero’s Journey sheds new light on the concept of vocation and offers an analysis of its various dimensions: Calling as interest that guides the search for meaning and fosters exploration; Transformation as learning and voluntary alteration of worldview and identity; and Service as the sharing of acquired value and contribution to the community. The complex relationship between the individual and the social world is examined, emphasizing the importance of individual freedom and responsibility in vocational development, while questioning social and educational approaches that hinder it. Vocation is a unique process for each person, in which the pursuit of meaning and personal fulfillment is intertwined with the needs of others, thus constituting an act of love for one’s neighbor and a legacy for humanity.
This theoretical research explores the concept of vocation as a process driven by the search for meaning, a phenomenon that is both a worldview schema guiding action and a subjective perception of life’s purpose. It analyzes the historical and mythological roots of the term, as well as the enduring relevance of its implications, often forgotten after an evolution from a religious to a more secular context, but recoverable through its contemporary definition. Through a reinterpretation of the heroic myth, it is argued that the Hero’s Journey provides a psychological framework that integrates biological, philosophical, and mythological perspectives on vocation. Vocation thus emerges as a sophisticated adaptive strategy, simultaneously successful atevolutionary, social, and individual levels. A psychological approach to the classical stages of the Hero’s Journey sheds new light on the concept of vocation and offers an analysis of its various dimensions: Calling as interest that guides the search for meaning and fosters exploration; Transformation as learning and voluntary alteration of worldview and identity; and Service as the sharing of acquired value and contribution to the community. The complex relationship between the individual and the social world is examined, emphasizing the importance of individual freedom and responsibility in vocational development, while questioning social and educational approaches that hinder it. Vocation is a unique process for each person, in which the pursuit of meaning and personal fulfillment is intertwined with the needs of others, thus constituting an act of love for one’s neighbor and a legacy for humanity.
Direction
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)
TORRES MAROÑO, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Student’s tutor)