ANALYSIS on the conclusions expressed by the general advocate of the European Union Court of Justice, Tamara Ćapeta, on the EU-Morocco trade agreements case, concerning the Western Sahara
Analysis by the CESO-USC: Critique of the European Union Court of Justice general advocate, published on 21 March 2024, on the case C-799/21 P concerning the Western Sahara [
in Spanish]
17 April 2024
Salón de Grados - Faculty of Law - USC 16:00
Face-to-face and on line meeting
CESO-USC Meetings: "The present situation of the Western Sahara conflict at the European level and the deterioration of Spanish-Algerian relations"
Meeting with Enrique Santiago Romero, Member of the Congreso de los Diputados (Grupo Parlamentario Confederal de Unidas Podemos-En Comú Podem-Galicia en Común)
26 April 2023 - 17:00
Salón de Grados - Faculty of Law - USC
Face-to-face and on line meeting
Meeting with Ana Miranda Paz, Member of the European Parliament (Green European Alliance EU Group)
28 April 2023 - 17:00
Salón de Grados - Faculty of Law - USC
Face-to-face and on line meeting
14 December 2022
Faculty of Law - USC
Intervention before the Fourth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly of the CESO-USC member, Dr. Alberto Maestre Fuentes
October, 6, 2022
30, November 2021
Faculty of Law - USC
Spanish-Sahrawi Children Writing contest (2023)
Exhibition of portraits of Sahrawi women, by Gaëtan Pelhâtre
Carlos Ruiz Miguel and Yolanda Blanco Souto
CESO-USC / Ministerio de Cultura de la RASD / Delegación del Frente Polisario en Argentina / FANDAS / Editorial Andavira
Santiago de Compostela
2022
Carlos Ruiz Miguel, Moisés Ponce de León Iglesias and Yolanda Blanco Souto
El Sahara Occidental. Prontuario jurídico. 15 enunciados básicos sobre el conflicto
Carlos Ruiz Miguel, Moisés Ponce de León Iglesias and Yolanda Blanco Souto
CESO-USC/ GUE-NGL/ Université de Rennes 2 / Editorial Andavira
Santiago de Compostela
2019
Carlos Ruiz Miguel, Moisés Ponce de León Iglesias and Yolanda Blanco Souto
CESO-USC/Université de Rennes 2 / Editorial Andavira
Santiago de Compostela
2018
Moisés Ponce de León Iglesias, Yolanda Blanco Souto and Zahra Hasnaui (authors), Gaëtan Pelhâtre (ilustrations)
CESO-USC / Université de Rennes 2 / Andavira
Santiago de Compostela
2018
Analysis
Memorandum on the return of the war to the Western Sahara.
Paper drafted by the Center for Studies on Western Sahara (CESO) of the University of Santiago de Compostela
[in Spanish] [in Portuguese] [in Arabic]
Mr. Staffan de Mistura of Italy appointed as UNSG Personal Envoy for Western Sahara
Comments of the United Nations Secretary-General in Spain about the nomination of a Personal Envoy for Western Sahara, 2 July 2021 [video in Spanish]
Analysis: "Dimisión de Horst Köhler: un inesperado y duro golpe al proceso de paz en el Sahara Occidental", Blog Desde el Atlántico, 23 May 2019 [
in Spanish]
Letter dated 8 April 2019 from the Permanent Representative of the Polisario Front to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council
Near-verbatim transcript of the press stakeout by Mr. Horst Köhler, Personal Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for Western Sahara on the Second roundtable on Western Sahara, 22 March 2019
Near verbatim transcript of the press stakeout of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara - Initial Roundtable Meeting on Western Sahara and Communiqué, 6 December 2018
Letter dated 8 January 2019, from the Permanent Representative of Namibia to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council, The views of the Frente Polisario on the first round table on Western Sahara under the auspices of the Personal Envoy of the Secretary-General for Western Sahara, Horst Kӧhler [S/2019/23]
Letter dated 6 August 2018 from the Permanent Representative of Morocco to the United Nations addressed to the Members of the Security Council on the proposed relaunch of direct negotiations between the Polisario Front and the Kingdom of Morocco
Resolution of the Security Council on the question of Western Sahara, October, 30, 2023 [
S/RES/2703]
Report of the Secretary-General: Situation concerning Western Sahara, October, 3, 2023 [
S/2023/729]
Letter dated 8 January 2019, from the Permanent Representative of Namibia to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council with the views of the Frente Polisario on the ratification by the European Parliament of the so called "Agricultural" Agreement between the EU and Morocco intended to be applied to the Western Sahara [
S/2019/63]
Resolution of the General Assembly on the question of the Western Sahara, 7 December 2023 [A/RES/78/85]
Report of the Secretary-General: Question of Western Sahara, 27 July 2023 [A/78/249]
Report of the Secretary-General: Right of peoples to Self-determination, 31 July 2023 [A/78/261]
Resolution of the General Assembly on the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, 7 December 2023 [A/RES/78/83]
Report of the Secretary-General: Information from Non-Self-Governing Territories transmitted under Article 73 e of the Charter of the United Nations, 25 January 2024 [A/79/63]
Resolution of the General Assembly on the Financing of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara, 30 June 2023 [A/RES/77/314]
Report of the Secretary-General: Budget for the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara for the period from 1 July 2024 to 30 June 2025, 22 January 2024 [A/78/723]
Report of the Secretary-General: Budget performance of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara for the period from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023, 14 November 2023 [A/78/590]
Report of the Secretary-General: Third International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism, 22 July 2020 [A/75/220]
Decision of the Committee against torture of the United Nations in the case of the political prisoner M.B. condemning Morocco, 19 November 2021 [CAT/C/72/D/923/2019]
Decision of the Committee against torture of the United Nations in the case of the political prisoner Omar N'Dour condemning Morocco, 19 November 2021 [CAT/C/72/D/650/2015]
Letter of the Rapporteurs on reprisals and the Rapporteur on follow-up to decisions, to the Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of Morocco at the United Nations (Geneva) asking explanations for the lack of compliance of the decision on Naama Asfari, 13 July 2018 [G/SO 229/31 MAR(8)] [in French]
Decision of the Committee against torture of the United Nations in the case of the political prisoner Naama Asfari condemning Morocco, 12 December 2016 [CAT/C/59/D/606/2014]
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-eighth session, 13–17 November 2023
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-second session, 27 March-5 April 2023
Opinion No. 23/2023 concerning
Sidi Abdallah Abbahah, Mohamed El Bachir Boutangiza, Mohamed Bani, Abdel Jalil Laaroussi, Abdulahi Lakhfaouni, Ahmed Sbai, Sid’Ahmed Lemjaid, Brahim Ismaili, Mohammed Khouna Babait, Mohamed Embareh Lefkir, Ennaâma Asfari, Mohamed Bouryal, Mohamed Lamin Haddi, El Hasane Azaoui, Abdellah Toubali, El Bachir Khadda, El Hassan Eddah and Mohamed Tahlil [
A/HRC/WGAD/2023/23]
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-second session, 29 August-2 September 2022
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its ninety-second session, 15-19 November 2021
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its eighty-ninth session, 23-27 November 2020
Opinions adopted by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention at its eighty-eighth session, 24-28 August 2020
Opinion No. 52/2020 concerning
Ali Salem Bujmaa, also known as Ali Saadouni [
A/HRC/WGAD/2020/52]
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review on Morocco, 13 July 2017 [
A/HRC/36/6]
Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review on Spain, 18 March 2020 [
A/HRC/44/7]
UNHCR OFFICIAL REPORT: Sahrawi Refugees in Tindouf, Algeria: Total In‐Camp Population, MARCH 2018
Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État (France) lodged on 15 June 2022 — Confédération paysanne v Ministère de l’agriculture et de la souveraineté alimentaire, Ministère de l’économie, des finances et de la souveraineté industrielle et numérique [
Case C-399/22]
ANALYSIS on the conclusions expressed by the general advocate of the European Union Court of Justice, Tamara Ćapeta, on the EU-Morocco trade agreements case, concerning the Western Sahara
Analysis by the CESO-USC: Critique of the European Union Court of Justice general advocate, published on 21 March 2024, on the case C-799/21 P concerning the Western Sahara [
in Spanish]
European Parliament resolution of 10 June 2021 on the breach of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the use of minors by the Moroccan authorities in the migratory crisis in Ceuta
Action brought on 23 June 2020 by the Polisario Front (Case T-393/20), against Council Decision (EU) 2020/462 of 20 February 2020 establishing the position to be adopted on behalf of the European Union within the Association Committee set up by the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Kingdom of Morocco, of the other part
Decision of the General Court of the European Union (Case T-180/14) (Fifth Chamber enlarged), 19 July 2018 [in French]
Judgment of the European Court of Justice, Preliminary ruling (Case C-266/16), 27 February 2018 [press release]
Judgment on appeal of the European Court of Justice in the case Front Polisario v Council (Case C-104/16 P), 21 December 2016
Agreement amending Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean agreement EU-Morocco - 2018/0256 (NLE).
SJ-0506/18
JE/hwo
D(2018)32773
Judgement of the African Court on Human and People's Rights, 22 September 2022 (application 028/2018)
Communiqué of the AU Peace and Security Council (9 March 2021)
Decision on the thirty-eighth activty report of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ rights (4 – 5 July 2019)
Decision on the report of the Chairperson of the Commission of the African Union on the issue of Western Sahara (1 - 2 July 2018)
Report of the Chairperson of the Commission on the issue of Western Sahara (1 - 2 July 2018)
Report of the Peace and Security Council on its activities and the state of peace and security in Africa (1 - 2 July 2018)
Decision on the report of the Peace and Security Council on its activities and the state of peace and security in Africa (30 - 31 January 2018)
Order of the High Court of South Africa (Eastern Cape division), in the case SADR-Polisario Front v. owner, charterers, master purchasers of the "Cherry Blossom", OCP, Phosphates de Boucraa, February 23, 2018
Judgement of the High Court of South Africa (Eastern Cape division), in the case SADR-Polisario Front v. owner, charterers, master purchasers of the "Cherry Blossom", OCP, Phosphates de Boucraa, June 15 2017
Official Statement issued by the Department of International Relations and Cooperation, "South Africa reiterates its position on the Recognized Right to self-determination of the People of Western Sahara", 13 April 2020
MOROCCO (latest documents)
Communiqué dated 27 October 2022
Note to the Chair of the Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement, dated 14 July 2021
Communiqué dated 11 June 2021
concerning the Resolution of the European Parliament of 10 June 2021 [
in French]
Statement dated 31 May 2021
Communiqué dated 8 May 2021
Points from Morocco in reaction to the multiplication of statements by Spanish officials attempting to justify a serious act contrary to the spirit of partnership and good neighborhood (sic) [
in French]
Communiqué dated 6 May 2021
Communiqué dated 25 April 2021
The Kingdom of Morocco deplores the attitude of Spain, which hosts on its territory the man named Brahim Ghali, leader of the "polisario" separatist militias, sued for serious war crimes and grave human rights abuses.
Judgement of the Moroccan Supreme Court, of July 19th, 2017 in the case of the Akdeim Izik Prisoners [
in French]
Text of the former judgement, delivered by the Military Court, on 18 April 2013 [
in French] [
in Arabic]
Text of the judgements of the Moroccan Supreme Court, of July, 27th, 2016, annuling the judgement of the Military Court [
in Arabic]
Press Release of the Frente Polisario, dated 21 October 2023
Communiqué of the Frente Polisario, dated 21 October 2023
Communiqué of the Frente Polisario, dated 27 October 2022
Letter from the Secretary-General of the Frente Polisario to the United Nations Secretay-General, dated 14 October 2022
Press Release of the Frente Polisario Delegation for Spain, 20 October 2021
The Frente Polisario reiterates that Spain remains the administering power of the Western Sahara [
in Spanish]
Press Release of the Frente Polisario, dated 6 October 2021
Press Release of the Representation of the Frente Polisario at Europe and the European Union, dated 29 September 2021
Press Statement of the Representative of the Frente Polisario at the United Nations, dated 6 September 2021
Press Release of the Representative of the Frente Polisario at the United Nations, dated 16 July 2021
Letter naddressed to the Permanent Missions to the United Nations, dated 9 July 2021
Letter addressed to the Permanent Missions to the United Nations participating at the C-24 session held on 27 June, dated 27 June 2021
SPAIN (latest documents)
Government answer to the question raised by Senator María Carmen da Silva concerning the Western Sahara status and the relation of the Spanish government with the Frente Polisario
Parliamentary question [27 February 2024] [
in Spanish]
Government answer [10 April 2024] [
in Spanish]
Resolution of the Congreso de los Diputados (National Assembly) on the position of the Government of Spain concerning the Western Sahara conflict
Text passed by the Congreso de los Diputados on 7 April 2022 (BOCG, serie D, nº 439, 13 April 2022) [
in Spanish]
Resolution of the Commission for international cooperation of the Congreso de los Diputados, concerning the letter sent by the President of the Government of Spain to the king Mohamed VI supporting the Moroccan initiative about the Western Sahara
Text passed by the Commission for international cooperation of the Congreso de los Diputados, on 18 May 2022 (BOCG, serie D, nº 468, 9 June 2022) [
in Spanish]
Resolution of the Congreso de los Diputados (National Assembly) on the foreign policy
Order, dated 10 February 2022, of the Criminal Chamber of the Audiencia Nacional confirming the file of the case against Brahim Ghali [
in Spanish]
Order, dated 29 July 2021, of the Investigating Judge number 5 of the Audiencia Nacional, filing the case against Brahim Ghali [
in Spanish]
Order, dated 1 June 2021, of the Investigating Judge number 5 of the Audiencia Nacional, rejecting the measures asked by the accusation against Brahim Ghali [
in Spanish]
Statement of the President of the Government of Spain in response to the communiqué of the Morocco's Ministry of Foreign Affairs dated the same day, 31 May 2021 [video in Spanish]
Judgement 772/2021, 3 March 2021, of the National High Cour (Audiencia Nacional) refusing to recognize as "terrorist" activity a war action by the Polisario Front, never included in an official list of terrorist organisations [in Spanish]
Judgement 207/2020, May, 29, 2020, of the Supreme Court [ìn Spanish]
Official Statement 097-2020, Government of Spain calls Moroccan Ambassador to ask for clarifications regarding statements by Prime Minister on Ceuta and Melilla
ALGERIA (latest documents)
Statement of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the national community abroad, dated 11 June 2022
Algeria deplores and rejects the hasty and unfounded statements made yesterday on behalf of the European Union following the sovereign decision taken by Algeria to suspend the Treaty of Friendship, Good Neighborlhood and Cooperation binding it to Spain [
in French]
Communiqué of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the National community abroad, dated 19 January 2022
on the working visit, in the frame of his first regional tour, of the Personal Envoy of the UN Secretary-General for Western Sahara, Staffan de Mistura [
in French]
Statement of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the national community abroad, dated 31 October 2021
Algerian position following the adoption of Security Council Resolution 2602 concerning Western Sahara [
in French]
Statement of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the national community abroad, dated 7 October 2021
Algeria takes note with interest of the decision of the United Nations Secretary-General to appoint Mr. Staffan de Mistura as his Personal Envoy for Western Sahara [
in French]
Statement of the Minister of Foreign Affairs and the national community abroad, dated 24 August 2021
announcing the inmediate break of diplomatic relations with the Kingdom of Morocco following the continued and repeted breach of the four fundamental engagements accepted by Morocco in 1998 to restablish relations with Algeria, among them the support to a "just and definitive solution to the conflict of Western Sahara through a free and regular referendum of self-determination implemented without constraints [
in French]
TREATIES (latest documents)
Agreement Between the United States of America, Morocco and Israel
Signed at Rabat December 22, 2020
